What Counts as a Business Expense? (A Guide for Solo Operators & Small Service Businesses)

An image of a POS system inferring a business expense to be tracked by bookkeeping

One of the best parts of running your own business? You can write off legitimate business expenses and lower your taxable income.

But what exactly counts as a business expense?

If you're a solo cleaner, handyman, pressure washer, inspector, photographer, or any other service-based business owner, this guide will walk you through what you can (and can’t) deduct — so you don’t miss out or raise red flags.

What Is a Business Expense?

A business expense is any cost that’s:

  • Ordinary (common in your industry), and

  • Necessary (helps you run or grow your business)

Translation: If it helps you do your job, earn income, or run your business — it probably counts.

Common Business Expenses You Can Deduct

1. Tools & Equipment

  • Power washers, drills, vacuums, ladders, etc.

  • Replacement parts or accessories

2. Supplies & Materials

  • Cleaning products

  • Paint, caulk, brushes

  • Safety gloves, trash bags, rags

3. Vehicle Expenses

  • Gas, oil changes, tires (if used for business)

  • Mileage (if you’re not deducting actual expenses)

  • Vehicle depreciation (for business-use vehicles)

🛻 Tip: Keep a mileage log or use an app like MileIQ or QuickBooks.

4. Marketing & Advertising

  • Facebook/Instagram ads

  • Flyers, yard signs, business cards

  • Website hosting or domain

5. Software & Apps

  • QuickBooks, Jobber, Joist, etc.

  • Scheduling, invoicing, or CRM tools

  • Mileage trackers or receipt organizers

6. Insurance

  • General liability

  • Commercial auto insurance

  • Business property insurance

7. Home Office (if applicable)

  • A portion of your rent, utilities, or internet if you work from home

  • Must be used exclusively for business

8. Professional Services

  • Bookkeeper or accountant

  • Legal fees

  • Business coaching or consulting

9. Phone & Internet

  • Business phone line

  • Portion of your personal phone plan (if used for work)

10. Education & Training

  • Online courses

  • Certifications

  • Industry-specific workshops

⚠️ Expenses That Don't Count

  • Personal groceries or meals (unless it’s a legitimate business meeting)

  • Clothes (unless it’s protective gear or branded uniforms)

  • Personal travel or vacations (even if you thought about work while on the beach 😉)

  • Fines, penalties, or personal legal fees

Tips to Stay Audit-Ready

  • Save receipts (paper or digital)

  • Keep your business and personal finances separate

  • Use a bookkeeping system (like QuickBooks) to track expenses

  • Categorize everything consistently

Final Thoughts

Knowing what counts as a business expense isn’t just about tax deductions — it’s about running a smarter, more efficient business.

If you’re ever unsure about whether something qualifies, talk to a bookkeeper or tax pro. It's better to ask than to guess.

Want help organizing your expenses or making sure you’re not missing write-offs?
I offer a free Bookkeeping Health Check — let’s make sure your business is set up right.

Contact us by clicking here

Or send us an email at David@RuckandReconcile.com

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And as always, thank you for reading and we’ll see you next week!

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What Financial KPIs Should You Track? (For Small, Service-Based Businesses)